{"id":6750,"date":"2021-02-24T11:26:44","date_gmt":"2021-02-24T11:26:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/taleemihub.com\/karachi\/?p=6750"},"modified":"2024-02-28T07:52:42","modified_gmt":"2024-02-28T07:52:42","slug":"eight-stages-of-social-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/taleemihub.com\/karachi\/eight-stages-of-social-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Eight Stages of Social Development"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Children Eight Stages of Social Development&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]The topic is based on the Eight Stages of Development developed by the psychiatrist, Erik Erikson in 1956. According to Erikson, the socialization process consists of eight phases \u2013 the \u201ceight stages of man.\u201d His eight stages of man were formulated, not through experimental work, but through wide-ranging experience in psychotherapy, including extensive experience with children and adolescents from low \u2013 as well as upper \u2013 and middle \u2013 social classes.<br \/>\nEach stage is regarded by Erikson as a \u201cpsychosocial crisis,\u201d which arises and demands resolution before the next stage can be satisfactorily negotiated.<br \/>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Erikson\u2019s Eight Stages of Development&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;1. Learning Basic Trust Versus Basic Mistrust (Hope)&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text] Learning Basic Trust Versus Basic Mistrust (Hope) chronologically, this is the period of infancy through the first one or two years of life. The child, well \u2013 handled, nurtured, and loved, develops trust and security and a basic optimism. Badly handled, he becomes insecure and mistrustful. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;2. Learning Autonomy Versus Shame (Will) The second psychosocial crisis&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]The second psychosocial crisis, Erikson believes, occurs during early childhood, probably between about 18 months or 2 years and 3\u00bd to 4 years of age. The \u201cwell \u2013 parented\u201d child emerges from this stage sure of himself, elated with his new found control, and proud rather than ashamed. Autonomy is not, however, entirely synonymous with assured self \u2013 possession, initiative, and independence but, at least for children in the early part of this psychosocial crisis, includes stormy self \u2013 will, tantrums, stubbornness, and negativism. For example, one sees may 2 year olds resolutely folding their arms to prevent their mothers from holding their hands as they cross the street. Also, the sound of \u201cNO\u201d rings through the house or the grocery store.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;3. Learning Initiative Versus Guilt (Purpose)&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]Erikson believes that this third psychosocial crisis occurs during what he calls the \u201cplay age,\u201d or the later preschool years (from about 3\u00bd to, in the United States culture, entry into formal school). During it, the healthily developing child learns: (1) to imagine, to broaden his skills through active play of all sorts, including fantasy (2) to cooperate with others (3) to lead as well as to follow. Immobilized by guilt, he is: (1) fearful (2) hangs on the fringes of groups (3) continues to depend unduly on adults and (4) is restricted both in the development of play skills and in imagination.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;4. Industry Versus Inferiority (Competence)&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]Erikson believes that the fourth psychosocial crisis is handled, for better or worse, during what he calls the \u201cschool age,\u201d presumably up to and possibly including some of junior high school. Here the child learns to master the more formal skills of life: (1) relating with peers according to rules (2) progressing from free play to play that may be elaborately structured by rules and may demand formal teamwork, such as baseball and (3) mastering social studies, reading, arithmetic. Homework is a necessity, and the need for self-discipline increases yearly. The child who, because of his successive and successful resolutions of earlier psychosocial crisis, is trusting, autonomous, and full of initiative will learn easily enough to be industrious. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;5. Learning Identity versus Identity Diffusion (Fidelity), &#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]During the fifth psychosocial crisis (adolescence, from about 13 or 14 to about 20) the child, now an adolescent, learns how to answer satisfactorily and happily the question of \u201cWho am I?\u201d But even the best \u2013 adjusted of adolescents experiences some role identity diffusion:<br \/>\nErikson believes that during successful early adolescence, mature time perspective is developed; the young person acquires self-certainty as opposed to self-consciousness and self-doubt. He comes to experiment with different \u2013 usually constructive \u2013 roles rather than adopting a \u201cnegative identity\u201d (such as delinquency). He actually anticipates achievement, and achieves, rather than being \u201cparalyzed\u201d by feelings of inferiority or by an inadequate time perspective. The successful young adult, for the first time, can experience true intimacy \u2013 the sort of intimacy that makes possible good marriage or a genuine and enduring friendship<br \/>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;6. Learning Generativity Versus Self-Absorption (Care) In adulthood&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]The psychosocial crisis demands generativity, both in the sense of marriage and parenthood, and in the sense of working productively and creatively. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;7. Integrity Versus Despair (Wisdom) &#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]If the other seven psychosocial crisis have been successfully resolved, the mature adult develops the peak of adjustment; integrity. He trusts, he is independent and dares the new. He works hard, has found a well \u2013 defined role in life, and has developed a self-concept with which he is happy. He can be intimate without strain, guilt, regret, or lack of realism; and he is proud of what he creates \u2013 his children, his work, or his hobbies. If one or more of the earlier psychosocial crises have not been resolved, he may view himself and his life with disgust and despair.<\/p>\n<p>These eight stages of man, or the psychosocial crises, are plausible and insightful descriptions of how personality develops but at present they are descriptions only. Helping the child through the various stages and the positive learning that should accompany them is a complex and difficult task, as any worried parent or teacher knows. Search for the best ways of accomplishing this task accounts for much of the research in the field of child development. Socialization, then is a learning \u2013 teaching process that, when successful, results in the human organism\u2019s moving from its infant state of helpless but total egocentricity to its ideal adult state of sensible conformity coupled with independent creativity.<\/p>\n<p>https:\/\/childdevelopmentinfo.com\/child-development\/erickson\/#gs.pqrilq | Child Development Institute<br \/>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Children Eight Stages of Social Development&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]The topic is based on the Eight Stages of Development developed by the psychiatrist, Erik Erikson in 1956. According to Erikson, the socialization process consists of eight phases \u2013 the \u201ceight stages of man.\u201d His eight stages of man were formulated, not through experimental work, but through [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":88,"featured_media":6564,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1329],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6750","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-children-training"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Eight Stages of Social Development - Taleemi Hub - Karachi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/taleemihub.com\/karachi\/eight-stages-of-social-development\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Eight Stages of Social Development - Taleemi Hub - Karachi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Children Eight Stages of Social Development&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][vc_column_text]The topic is based on the Eight Stages of Development developed by the psychiatrist, Erik Erikson in 1956. 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